|
|||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
|||||
| 浅谈终止性动词与延续性动词 | |||||
作者:zxxyyz 文章来源:本站原创 点击数: 更新时间:2006-1-5 ![]() |
|||||
|
浅谈终止性动词与延续性动词 英语中动词可以分为延续性动词和终止性动词。这两种动词在每年的中考英语试题中出现率较高,笔者将其归纳分类,供教师与学生参考。 一、延续性动词 延续性动词表示动作不但可以延续,而且可以产生持久的影响。常见的此类动词有:be, have, keep, know, learn, lie, live, read, sing, sleep, stand, stay, wait, walk, watch等。延续性动词的用法很广,但常见于现在完成时的句子中,且常与for, how long, since等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。例如: I have learned more than 1,000 Chinese words since I came to China. 自从来到中国,我已经学会了1,000多个汉字。 We have lived in Linqing since we came here. 自从我们到这儿以来,我们就一直住在临清。 I have kept the picture for about three years. 二、终止性动词 终止性动词又称瞬间动词或非延续性动词,它表示的动作不能延续,也就是说动作一旦发生就立即结束,并产生某种结果。常见的此类动词有:accept, arrive, become, begin, borrow, break, buy, catch, close, come, die, end, fall, finish, get, give, go, join, leave, put, reach, receive, shut, start, stop等。终止性动词用在现在完成时中要注意下面三点: (1)终止性动词可直接用来表示某一动作的完成。例如: They have reached Shanghai. 他们已经到达上海了。 (2)终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂,不能持续,所以在现在完成时中一般不能与since, for, how long等所引导或表示的时间段连用。例如: 那老人已经去世一周了。 The old man has died for a week. (误) 他三天前就已经来这儿了。 He has come here since three days ago. (误) 以上两句中的die和come都是终止性动词,可用于现在完成时,但不能与since, for引导的时间段连用。上两句可以用以下四种方法翻译: 1、把终止性动词改为延续性动词。如: The old man has been dead for a week. He has been here since three days ago. 2、把原句子中的一段时间改为表示“过去”的时间,时态由现在完成时改为一般过去时。如: The old man died a week ago. He came here three days ago. 3、用“It is +时间+since…”句式。如: It is/has been a week since the old man died. It has been/is three days since he came here. 4、用“时间段+has passed+since+一般过去时句子”句式。如: A week has passed since the old man died. Three days has passed since he came here. (3)有关特殊终止性动词的用法 ① 在while(表示一段时间)引导的从句中,谓语动词不能使用终止性动词,但可以把while改为when,这样,从句中的谓语动词就可以用终止性动词了。因为when可表示时间点也可表示时间段。如: While he got to America, he found his English was very poor. (误) When he got to America, he found his English was very poor. (正) ②终止性动词的否定式与until连用,表示“直到……才……”;“不到……不……”等。如: Don’t get off until the bus stops. 车未停稳,请勿下车。 |
|||||
| 文章录入:zxxyyz 责任编辑:admin | |||||
| 【发表评论】【加入收藏】【告诉好友】【打印此文】【关闭窗口】 | |||||
|
|
| 最新热点 | 最新推荐 | 相关文章 | ||
| 终止性动词在现在完成时中的 延续性动词和终止性动词用法 |